[1]王小倩,刘鹏,谢云,等.儿童AID与非AID患者血清抗核抗体荧光核型、滴度及 特异性抗体检测的诊断价值[J].现代检验医学杂志,2026,41(05):8-13+25.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-7414.2026.05.002]
　WANG Xiaoqian,LIU Peng,XIE Yun,et al.Diagnostic Value of Serum AntinuclearAntibody Fluorescence Patterns, Titers, and Specific Antibodies in Pediatric AID and non-AID Patients[J].Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine,2026,41(05):8-13+25.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-7414.2026.05.002]
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儿童AID与非AID患者血清抗核抗体荧光核型、滴度及 特异性抗体检测的诊断价值()

《现代检验医学杂志》[ISSN:/CN:]

卷:
第41卷
期数:
2026年05期
页码:
8-13+25
栏目:
论著
出版日期:
2026-09-15

文章信息/Info

Title:
Diagnostic Value of Serum AntinuclearAntibody Fluorescence Patterns, Titers, and Specific Antibodies in Pediatric AID and non-AID Patients
文章编号:
1671-7414 （2026） 05-008-07
作者:
王小倩，刘鹏，谢云，王丽滨
（西北妇女儿童医院医学检验中心，西安710061）
Author(s):
WANG Xiaoqian, LIU Peng, XIE Yun, WANG Libin
(Medical Laboratory Center, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an 710061, China)
关键词:
儿童;  抗核抗体;  自身免疫性疾病;  荧光核型;  特异性抗体
分类号:
R725.9； R446.6
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.1671-7414.2026.05.002
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
目的 探讨儿童抗核抗体 （ANA） 阳性的临床意义， 分析ANA荧光核型、 滴度及特异性抗体谱在儿童自身免疫性 疾病 （AID）与非AID中的诊断价值， 筛选儿童AID独立预测因素。 方法 回顾性分析2024年7月~2025年6月于西北妇 女儿童医院就诊的287例ANA阳性 （滴度≥1:100） 患儿临床资料， 依据最终诊断分为AID组 （85例） 与非AID组 （202例） 。 比较两组ANA荧光核型、 滴度及12种特异性抗体分布差异， 采用二元Logistic回归分析筛选儿童AID独立预测因素。 结 果 287例ANA阳性患儿中， AID组占29.62%， 非AID组占70.38%。AID组女性占比 （71.76%） 、 年龄中位数[8.00 （3.25， 10.00） 岁]均高于非AID组[53.96%， 6.00 （2.75， 9.00） 岁]， 差异具有统计学意义 （χ2 =7.854， Z=-2.246， 均P<0.05） 。AID组 颗粒型核型占比 （49.41%） 显著高于非AID组 （26.73%） ， 致密细颗粒型占比 （8.24%） 显著低于非AID组 （27.23%） ， 差异具有 统计学意义 （χ2 =13.823、 12.742， 均P<0.001） ； AID组高滴度 （≥1:1000） 占比 （11.8%） 显著高于非AID组 （0.50%） ， 非AID组以 低滴度 （1:100） 为主 （85.6%） ， 差异具有统计学意义 （χ2 =21.762， P<0.001） ； AID组特异性抗体总阳性率 （45.88%） 显著高于非 AID组 （11.88%） ， 差异具有统计学意义 （χ2 =40.369， P<0.001） 。Logistic回归分析显示， 女性 （OR=2.364， P=0.012） 、 年龄增长 （OR=1.095， P=0.019） 、 抗线粒体M2型 （AMA-M2） 抗体阳性 （OR=5.118， P=0.004） 为儿童AID独立危险因素， 致密细颗粒型 核型 （OR=0.326， P=0.025） 为独立保护因素。 结论 儿童ANA阳性不等同于AID， 多为感染等非特异性反应所致； 低滴度 （1:100） 、 致密细颗粒型且无特异性抗体提示AID风险低， 中高滴度 （≥1:320） 、 颗粒型或均质型、 抗dsDNA、 抗Sm、 抗NUC、 抗AMA-M2抗体阳性提示AID风险显著升高。
Abstract:
Objective To explore the clinical signi?cance of antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity in children, analyze the diag- nostic value of ANA ?uorescence patterns, titers, and speci?c antibody pro?les in distinguishing autoimmune diseases (AID) and non-AID in children, and identify independent predictors of AID. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 287 children with ANA positivity (titer ≥1:100) who were admitted to the Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital from July 2024 to June 2025. Patients were divided into an AID group (85 cases) and a non-AID group (202 cases) based on the ?nal diagnosis. Differences in ANA ?uorescence patterns, titers, and the distribution of 12 speci?c antibodies were compared be- tween the two groups, and binary Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of AID in children. Re- sults Among the 287 ANA-positive children, 29.62% were in the AID group and 70.38% were in the non-AID group. The propor- tion of females (71.76%) and the median age [8.00 (3.25, 10.00) years] in the AID group were signi?cantly higher than those in the non-AID group [53.96%, 6.00 (2.75, 9.00) years] (χ2 =7.854, Z=-2.246, both P<0.05). The proportion of granular pattern in the AID group (49.41%) was signi?cantly higher than that in the non-AID group (26.73%), while the proportion of dense ?ne granular pattern (8.24%) was significantly lower than that in the non-AID group (27.23%) (χ2 = 13.823 and 12.742, both P< 0.001). The proportion of high titer （≥ 1:1 000) in the AID group (11.8%) was signi?cantly higher than that in the non-AID group (0.50%), whereas the non-AID group was predominantly characterized by low titer (1:100) (85.6%) (χ2 =21.762, P<0.001). The overall positive rate of speci?c antibodies in the AID group (45.88%) was signi?cantly higher than that in the non-AID group (11.88%) (χ2 = 40.369, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender (OR=2.364, P=0.012), increasing age (OR=1.095, P=0.019), and positive anti-mitochondrial M2 (AMA-M2) antibody (OR=5.118, P=0.004) were inde- pendent risk factors for AID in children, while dense ?ne-granular karyotype (OR=0.326, P=0.025) was an independent protec- tive factor. Conclusions Positive ANA in children is not equivalent to AID and is often caused by nonspeci?c reactions such as infection. Low titer (1:100), dense ?ne-granular pattern, and absence of speci?c antibodies indicate a low AID risk, while moder- ate-to-high titers (≥ 1:320), granular or homogeneous patterns, and positive anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, anti-NUC, and anti-AMA-M2 antibodies indicate a signi?cantly increased AID risk.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
基金项目：陕西省重点研发计划项目（2023-YBSF-320）。
作者简介：王小倩（1987-），女，本科，主管检验师，研究方向：免疫学检验，E-mail：luckywufang@163.com。
通讯作者：王丽滨（1989-），女，硕士，主管检验师，研究方向：免疫学及体液学检验，E-mail：wlbcici@sina.com。
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-09-15